The Right Weeds
January 5, 2025
Back in the Covid days of 2020, newly retired from a dairy farming career and transplanted to New Hampshire from the rural Eastern Shore of Maryland, I was roaming the woods and fields of our new place and weighing possibilities for making this property, blessed (or otherwise, depending on perspective) by years of benign neglect, back into some form of a working farm.
Among the flora, I found some familiar faces that I'd known on the Eastern Shore, some long lost friends from my New England and New Jersey youth, and some plants I'd never met, or at least never paid attention to before. All that benign neglect had provided a great opportunity for the soil seed bank to deploy. Stages of succession ranged from goldenrod taking over more recently grazed pasture to thickets of choke cherry and hawthorn, and towering white pine on hills abandoned to nature decades ago.
Joe Pye weed, blue vervain, boneset, and blue flag iris had all made their stand in wetter spots, while yarrow and wild strawberry claimed a droughty hillside. To eyes accustomed to looking over acres of lush rye and orchardgrass, it looked in no way like a field of dreams. Just a field of weeds. Still, courtesy of a florophile father and a Vermont country raised mother, I have an affinity for and curiosity about wild landscapes too. In nutrient management work, I had designed vegetative buffers for farm fields. And I'd grown enough vegetables to know the value of pollinators. I had used parasitic wasps for fly control on the dairy, and watched ladybug larva devouring aphids in the garden. A little research revealed that my crop of weeds were at the top of the list as hosts for a plethora of pollinating, predatory, and parasitic insects. According to the Xerces Society publication Farming with Native Beneficial Insects, these insects provide as much as a 4.5 billion dollar value in ecological pest control services annually (Xerces 1). Multiple studies have shown that populations of beneficial insects are significantly higher in native plant landscapes than non native ones (Xerces 45).
And it isn't just about insects . These native plants support our bird populations too, Joe Pye with summer necter for the hummingbirds, boneset and blue vervain as winter seed sources for cardinals and juncos - the list goes on and on. But the ecosystem contributions of these plants don't stop at the soil line either. Their various sizes and types of roots hold soil against erosion, protect water quality by taking up excess nutrients, and help to maximize subterrainian biodiversity, which will be reflected by the biodiversity we see above ground.
In short, these pasture weeds are the right weeds - native flora that the fauna have evolved with. Plants that belong in our New England landscape, that belong along roads, around gardens, at lawn edges, interspersed with farm crops, and at work in urban storm water management. So instead of eradicating them, we propagate them, and invite others to join us in recreating the contiguous indigenous landscape that a robust ecosystem requires.
Work cited
Native Plant Nursery
Atracting birds, supporting pollinators, protecting a shoreline - we're here to help whatever your native landscaping needs needs might be. Cat Swamp Farm specializes in local ecotype plants propagated from seeds and cuttings collected here in Sullivan County; we augment our selection with stock from other New Hampshire and Vermont growers also using local ecotypes.
Know you want a native planting, but not quite sure where or how to start? We do site visits, design, and small scale (hand tool only) installations in Sullivan County, NH, and can source species that we don't currently have in stock.
Browse our catalog to find plants for pollinators, songbirds and other wildlife, for soil health and stabilization, and to add interest and beauty to your landscape.
Open plant catalog pdf here
Spring 2026
Plants are waking up and breaking dormancy!
#1 pots @ $9.00 for herbaceous plants, $14 for shrubs ; 4" pots $6.00. Bareroot shrubs as marked
Species Availability Price
Achillea millefolium, yarrow Current
Alnus incana rugosa, speckled alder, bareroot April 29 - May 1 $5.00
Amelanchier laevis,Allegheny serviceberry, bareroot April 19 - 24 $18.00
Aronia melanocarpa, black chokeberry, bareroot April 19 - 24 $18.00
Cephalanthus occidentalis, buttonbush, bareroot April 29 - May 1 $5.00
Coptis trifolia, goldthread 4" pot Late April Cornus amomum, silky dogwood Late April
Cornus sericea, red osier dogwood, bareroot April 29 - May 1 $5.00
Corylus americana, American hazelnut, bareroot April 29 - May 1 $5.00
Diervilla lonicera, dwarf bush honeysuckle, bareroot April 19 - 24 $18.00
Eupatorium perfoliatum, boneset Early May
Eutrochium maculatum, spotted Joe Pye Late May
Gaultheria procumbens, wintergreen, 4" pot Current
Ilex verticillata, winterberry holly, bareroot April 29 - May1 $5.00
Iris verisicolor, northern blue flag, #1pot Current
Iris versicolor, Northern blue flag 4" pot Current
Rosa palustris, swamp rose, bareroot April 20 -24 $18.00
Sambucus canadensis, American elderberry Current
Sisyrinchium angustifolium, blue eyed grass TBA
Solidago flexicaulis, zigzag goldenrod Current
Spirea alba latifolia, white meadowsweet Current
Spirea tomentosa, steeplebush, bareroot April 20 -24
Vaccinium corymbosum, highbush blueberry, bareroot April 20 -24 $21.00
Zizea aurea, golden Alexander Current
Riparian buffers for water quality
Spotted Joe Pye weed in the foreground, and American elderberry blooming along a brook.
Meadowsweet, golden alexander, and ostrich fern buffer this section.
Joe Pye weed stand established from potted plants